The story of METIS: Rethinking how footwear should be made.

Why we rejected the industry standard of monolithic 3D printed shoes to create METIS: a scalable, modular, and closed-loop footwear manufacturing system.

METIS did not start as a product, but more as a problem we rebelled against.


For over 5 years, we have been researching, testing and developing 3D-printed footwear manufacturing systems. Like much of the industry, we initially explored the idea of printing a shoe as a one-piece object, in one material, in one uninterrupted process.


In theory, this really was promising and simple. However, in practice, it exposed fundamental limitations.


Why Fully 3D-Printed Shoes Failed to Scale

Printing an entire shoe as a single element introduces structural, commercial and quality compromises that are difficult to overcome.

To meet printability and mechanical strength requirements, shapes have to remain blocky and uniform. The result is closer to a shoe-shaped object than a shoe people instinctively recognise, adopt and wear.

Shape constraints

Even the most conscious consumers would consistently choose familiar silhouettes over non-familiar ones, regardless of clear sustainability benefits.

Market adoption barriers

Design limitations

Monolithic printing typically limits footwear to one material and one colour, restricting design language, seasonal variation and aesthetic flexibility.

Manufacturing inefficiency and risk

Printing one full shoe can take 12-18 hours per pair in some cases. If a failure occurs late in the process, the entire unit is lost resulting in 150-250 grams material waste per failure, production output and a high environmental cost.

These issues made it clear that monolithic and blocky 3D-printed footwear could not realistically scale for mainstream adoption.

It’s expensive and unattractive.

Hybrid Approaches: Progress, but Not the Breakthrough

So we started exploring hybrid construction methods, combining 3D-printed components with traditional footwear elements, where 3D-printed outsoles were assembled with conventional upper knits.


This approach definitely delivered improvements:

  • A more familiar aesthetic.

  • Flexibility of design

  • Durability and performance

Close-up of gloved hands manually post-processing a white 3D-printed shoe sole, illustrating the labor-intensive finishing required in hybrid footwear manufacturing.

But key limitations still remained:


Assembly still relied on standard lasts, restricting custom fit adaptability. Sizing flexibility was limited to traditional systems with minimal repairability.

Recycling remained complex due to bonding materials and adhesives, and chemical processes were still required.


While visually compelling, hybrid construction did not solve the core problems of fit, recycling and scalable sustainability.

Rejecting Both Extremes

At this point, we were presented with two opposing options:

Option 1

Traditional footwear

High market acceptance, but high CO₂e footprint (~12-14 kg CO₂e per pair), complex, long, global supply chains and poor to zero recyclability.

Option 2

Fully 3D-printed footwear

Definitely striking manufacturing advantages, but poor adoption, limited design freedom, expensive and high production risk.

So, we did as we always do, we stepped aside and rejected both.


And asked a different question “Why not use 3D printing to print the entire shoe but instead use its advantages to solve the most complex part of the whole process, which is footwear assembly?”


METIS Construction Logic

METIS is a modular closed-loop footwear manufacturing platform for brands to create sustainable 3D printed shoes that look and feel good.

Rather than forcing everything into one printed block, we used 3D printing where it delivers the greatest values, the precision, repeatability, local, on-demand production, personalisation without tooling and material efficiency due to additive nature.  

METIS introduces EasyStitch© - a simple modular stitched construction, enabled by 3D-printed components that guide and simplify assembly, but still has the durability and performance of traditional footwear.

This approach totally removes the need for lasts, cementing/glueing, heavy industrial machinery, chemically bonded layers, years of specialist training, molds and jigs.

Inspired by traditional cobbler stitching, but redesigned for modern manufacturing, the METIS EasyStitch© system allows anyone familiar with stitching, anywhere, to assemble the shoe with minimal tools and no adhesives or chemicals.

Assembly time per pair: 30 minutes with 4 to 6 elements, depending on shoe design.

A System, Not Just a Shoe

Production model On-demand, made-to-order
Manufacturing radius Designed for microfactories within 10 to 500 km of the end customer
Failure impact Modular construction limits scrappage to individual components rather than full shoe
Average weight per shoe 150g (size 43)
Target durability 200,000 steps equivalent wear testing
Fit and comfort Addressed through personalised width and length

METIS as Our Lighthouse Product

METIS is the foundation of a broader footwear platform.
While additional products are planned across the range, METIS defines our  design and manufacturing philosophy:

Repair and recycling over replacement

Modularity over monolithic design

Market adoption over technology push

Local production over global supply and overstock

METIS will always remain our muse and lighthouse product.

The Road Ahead: What Still Needs to Be Solved

We are fully aware of the challenges ahead.

By 2029, we aim to operate a fully functional closed-loop take-back system, where worn footwear is returned by customers, materials are recovered at >70% efficiency and customers have a discount on their next pair.

Closed-Loop Manufacturing

Our target is to retain ≥95% of virgin material performance after recycling cycles, across durability, flexibility, abrasion resistance and other critical performance factors.

Material Performance After Recycling

Our objective is clear and measurable - less than 2 kg CO₂e per pair.
Current prototype footprint is estimated at 4.5 kg CO₂e per pair (cradle-to-gate)
We are convinced this is achievable. What we need is time, rigorous engineering, continued support from the EU, patience from the market and our customers.
The rest will inevitably follow.

Our Non-Negotiable Red Line

METIS is not a finished product.
It is a system evolving toward circular, local, modular and scalable footwear manufacturing.


And we are only at the beginning.

Product type Modular stitched footwear
Manufacturing On-demand, local microfactories
Assembly No lasts, no adhesives, EasyStitch© technology
Width options Standard or Customised
Average weight 150 g (size 43)
Repairable Yes (modular replacement)
Recyclable Designed for closed-loop recycling
Current CO₂e footprint 4.5 kg CO₂e per pair
CO₂e target <2 kg CO₂e per pair by 2029

METIS Key Facts at a Glance

Looking for a sustainable, custom-branded manufacturing solution?

The METIS platform is now open for collaboration. We enable forward-thinking brands to use our modular architecture as the foundation for their own footwear collections.

To learn how METIS can power your next product line, leave your email below and our team will be in touch shortly.